The costs of operating reserves in Polish power system

In the paper the co-optimization of balancing energy and operating reserves problem was formulated. The co-optimization method was applied -asa case study - for assessment of the operating reserves costs in Polish power system. The results were compared with results obtained by using another method, in which second and minute reserves are purchased separate from the balancing energy and hour reserve (similar method is currently applied in Poland). Customers' potential benefits of employment of the co-optimization method were estimated. The paper also presents an estimated value of operating reserve costs In Polish power system with increasing wind power generation.