Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of laterally substituted 4,4′′′-dialkyl-p-quaterphenyls

Over 20 laterally substituted, mainly by fluorine and other more bulky substituents like chlorine and methyl group, 4,4′′′-dialkyl-p-quaterphenyls have been synthesised and mesomorphic properties, phase transition temperatures and enthalpies were measured. The influence of the number of lateral substituents and their type along with their position in the molecular core have been analysed and compared with similarly substituted terphenyl analogues. The example of the eutectic mixture composed of synthesised quaterphenyl derivatives has been formulated and characterised.