Silica layers as masks in Ag⁺-Na⁺ ion exchange processes

The paper present the application of sol-gel derived silica layers as masks in selective ion exchange processes. These layers were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates, subjected then to the ion exchange processes using liquid source of admixture in the form of a AgNO₃:NaNO₃ solution with a molar fraction of silver κ_Ag = 0.0025. The concentration of silver in the masked and non-masked areas of the glass were examined with the use of Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The resulting silver concentration profiles allowed to estimate the masking properties of silica layers. Using sol-gel silica films as masks for selective ion-exchange processes, the multimode strip waveguides were produced.