Optimization of inlet valve leaflet shape using metamodel and fluid-structure interaction

Cardiac assist devices like continuous flow ventricular assist devices (CF-VAD) provide several benefits, including improved durability or higher energy efficiency. This paper presents the shape optimization for the inlet valve geometry of the pulsatile VAD using a metamodeling framework and fluid-structure interaction (FSI). The main task of the inlet valve is preventing the backflow to occur and keep proper valve washing as well as low hemolysis, induced by high shear stress. The finite element (FE) model of the valve was generated using a parametric model. The FE model was associated with a fluid flow analysis environment. The shear stress at wall leaflet structures was observed for all design points. For selected design variables, the minimization of the leaflet’s wall shear stresses was carried out. As a result of optimization, the optimal valve leaflet shape was found. The developed modeling methodology can be easily adapted to investigate biomedical problems especially in the process of creating devices supporting cardiac circulation.