@inproceedings{85d9b2286b8c40e18d4ce5e680811141,
title = "Numerical Investigation on the Piston Effect in Subway Tunnels",
abstract = "Piston effect is a term describing the airflow induced when a vehicle or vehicles move in a tunnel. It is especially important for subway tunnels because of high ratio of a vehicle cross section area to the tunnel cross section area (called blockage ratio). This effect must be taken into account when designing ventilation system for subway stations or considering subway fire safety issues. The work showed that for a single train in a narrow one-track tunnel the induced airflow velocity reached up to 10 m/s and for a single train in a wider two-track tunnel the air velocity is lower and reached up to 6 m/s. Meanwhile when two trains move in a two-track tunnel in the opposite directions the induced airflow may be completely neglected. Hence, if air movement due to the piston effect is accounted in the ventilation program it should be correlated with actual trains schedule.",
keywords = "Computational fluid dynamics, Piston effect, Subway",
author = "Aleksander Kr{\'o}l and Ma{\l}gorzata Kr{\'o}l",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.; 18h Scientific and Technical Conference on Transport Systems Theory and Practice, TSTP 2022 ; Conference date: 19-09-2022 Through 20-09-2022",
year = "2023",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-031-22359-4\_7",
language = "English",
isbn = "9783031223587",
series = "Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems",
publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",
pages = "108--119",
editor = "El{\.z}bieta Macioszek and Anna Gran{\`a} and Grzegorz Sierpi{\'n}ski",
booktitle = "Advanced Solutions and Practical Applications in Road Traffic Engineering",
address = "Germany",
}