Modelling of filling a mold with molten metal in the presence of an electromagnetic field

Functionally, graded materials (FGM) belong to a class of advanced materials characterized by spatial variation of their properties. The production method of this type of material using alternating low-frequency electromagnetic fields is elaborated at the Silesian University of Technology. The paper describes a simulation methodology for a variant of the process, where a mold is filled with a molten metal in the presence of an electromagnetic field. We could observe a changing complex shape of the free surface and its interaction with the electromagnetic field in this case. The developed method allows to model the liquid metal continuity breaking or entrapment of air bubbles during pouring the mold. Experimental verification of the methodology is carried out by an example of casting the compressor piston.