Friction Stir Alloying AZ61 Magnesium Alloy and Mild Steel with Zn-CNT Additive

The study investigated the impact of adding a Zn-CNT additive during friction stir alloying (FSA) of AZ61 magnesium alloy and SPHC mild steel. The additive, comprising zinc powder, carbon nanotubes, and polyethylene glycol, was introduced into the joint gap before welding at varying weight percentages (1, 3, 5 wt%). The rotational speed of the tool remained constant at 1500 rpm, while the welding speed was adjusted (15, 30, and 50 mm/min). Results revealed that the inclusion of 1 wt% Zn-CNT additives significantly enhanced the tensile strength (260 MPa) and microhardness (495 HV) of the welded joint compared to joints without additives. This suggests that the Zn-CNT additive positively influenced the mechanical properties of the joints.