Diagnosis of the phenomenon of flow as an inspiration to inventions in the domain of constructing hydraulic machines

Analytical and empirical investigations concerning the flow through clearances of non-contacting seals indicate the occurrence of interactions between the walls of the ducts [1]. Investigations of flows in the transverse clearance between annular front of surfaces have show that in the case of a convergence of the clearing the pressure field is asymmetrical. In the case of a forced centrifugal flow, the moment caused by the pressure forces in the transvers clearance opposes the contact of the surfaces of its walls. At centripetal flow the case has opposite effect. The results of calculations of the pressure field concerning a laminar centrifugal flow through the face clearance have been presented. Laboratory tests of such a centrifugal flow have been quoted in [2]. The effects of the pressure fields in the clearances of non-contacting seals, opposing contacts between the walls constituting longitudinal eccentric or transverse converging clearances, were utilized in patented inventions [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. The inventions [3, 4] have been dealt with by the authors of [1]. The presented paper describes the structural solutions concerning the inventions [5, 6, 7 and 8].