Comparative analysis of theoretical cycles of independent valve control systems of the SI engine

The objects of the study were theoretical cycles of the load control systems and charge exchange process in the naturally aspirated SI engine, including classic, quantitative throttling control (Seiliger-Sabathe open cycle); a system with late inlet valve closing LIVC (the Atkinson-Miller open cycle); a system with early inlet valve closing EIVC; a system with early exhaust valve closing EEVC, enabling internal exhaust gas recirculation; system of fully independent valve control FIVC. The aim of using camless independent valve control algorithms is to eliminate the throttle as an control valve for load and filling control of the SI engine, while retaining quantitative load control. The research aims to select the camless valve control algorithm most beneficial in terms of energy (the highest effective efficiency) and economy (the lowest fuel consumption).