Analysis of the Sensitivity of Generating Unit Simulation Waveforms to Changes of Model Parameters

This chapter, the analysis of sensitivity of generating unit simulation waveforms to changes of model parameters is presented. This sensitivity analysis was performed in order to define proper objective functions minimized in the parameter estimation of synchronous generator and excitation system models. For the purpose of analysis and assessment of sensitivity waveforms, the semi-relative sensitivity and four sensitivity factors were determined. To analyze the waveform sensitivity to changes in the parameters of the considered synchronous generator and excitation system models, the simulated dynamic waveforms of selected electrical quantities of the generating unit modeled elements were used. The calculations were carried out for the selected elements individually, when taking into account appropriate test disturbances of the generating unit steady state operation: power rejection in the d and q axes, step change in the voltage regulator reference voltage of the generator under no-load by a plus/minus constant value. Based on the performed analysis, it was found that the same or similar values determining the weight of the considered model parameters calculated in the estimation process were obtained only for the sensitivity factor S₂. Therefore the objective functions defined in Chap. 4 of this monograph were used for calculations.