Thermochromic materials in the paints and varnishes sector. Part II: progress in the field of pigments and coatings

Gaining knowledge in the field of color perception and measurement allows for the continuation of considerations on thermochromism. This article, which is the second part of the authors’ review, is devoted to the progress in the field of pigments and coatings with thermochromic properties. The article presents, in a concise and accessible way, the most important information on thermochromic materials, both of organic and inorganic origin. The reader is introduced to the physicochemical characteristics of thermochromic pigments and the mechanisms of their action. The state of knowledge on the latest achievements in this field is reviewed, taking into account modern methods of synthesis of thermochromic pigments together with examples of coatings obtained with their participation. An analysis of the thermochromic pigments market was prepared, including a forecast of its value and size on a global basis.