PRIMARY AND FINAL ENERGY MIX AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY

The future of the energy industry has been one of the most important problems in both domestic and world politics for many years. This is due to the legal conditions relating directly to the energy sector, resulting from the climate and energy policy focused on actions in the field of climate protection. Poland is a unique country in comparison to other European Union countries, the energy balance of which mainly, because in over 86% of the electricity produced, comes from hard coal and lignite. This unique and unfavorable structure of the energy mix will require transformation in order to achieve the ecological assumptions of the European Union in the horizon both 2030 and achieving climate neutrality by 2050. The aim of the work is to define a model of the future energy mix in Poland, which will ensure sustainable energy supplies to all recipients, while ensuring the availability of energy at an acceptable price, taking into account environmental aspects. An additional factor that will be taken into account is energy efficiency. Improving the efficiency may significantly reduce the demand for the construction of new energy sources. A source of potential savings is more clearly seen in improving energy efficiency. This is particularly important in the perspective of the next few years, when the Polish power sector is undergoing transformation. The analyzes show that the Polish energy mix will transform and the dominant role will be played by renewable energy sources, natural gas and nuclear energy. Poland will also manage to achieve the 23% target related to the improvement of energy efficiency.