TY - GEN
T1 - Output Buffers in Precision Generators for Impedance Bridges
T2 - 2025 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, I2MTC 2025
AU - Kaczmarek, Janusz
AU - Kozioł, Mirosław
AU - Rybski, Ryszard
AU - Kampik, Marian
AU - Musioł, Krzysztof
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 IEEE.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - This paper discusses selected design considerations and experimental results related to the output buffers of precise multi-channel generators employed in digital impedance bridges within the field of primary metrology. Due to the type of impedances compared (R, L and C) and their range from 1 Ω to 1 MΩ as well as the range of operating frequencies covering almost the full audio band, output buffers are expected to meet strict and often contradictory requirements regarding stability, current efficiency, linearity, low noise and harmonic distortion. The paper addresses the important issue of a buffer with a simple circuit structure, implemented as a composite amplifier. It focuses on the input offset voltages of the operational amplifiers used and presents the results of studies on their spectral purity and voltage gain stability when operating with low-impedance loads.
AB - This paper discusses selected design considerations and experimental results related to the output buffers of precise multi-channel generators employed in digital impedance bridges within the field of primary metrology. Due to the type of impedances compared (R, L and C) and their range from 1 Ω to 1 MΩ as well as the range of operating frequencies covering almost the full audio band, output buffers are expected to meet strict and often contradictory requirements regarding stability, current efficiency, linearity, low noise and harmonic distortion. The paper addresses the important issue of a buffer with a simple circuit structure, implemented as a composite amplifier. It focuses on the input offset voltages of the operational amplifiers used and presents the results of studies on their spectral purity and voltage gain stability when operating with low-impedance loads.
KW - Allan variance
KW - digital impedance bridge
KW - digital sinewave source
KW - output buffer
KW - spurious-free dynamic range
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105012224262
U2 - 10.1109/I2MTC62753.2025.11079155
DO - 10.1109/I2MTC62753.2025.11079155
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:105012224262
T3 - Conference Record - IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference
BT - IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, I2MTC 2025 - Proceedings
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Y2 - 19 May 2025 through 22 May 2025
ER -