Modeling the dynamics of cargo lifting process by overhead crane for dynamic overload factor estimation

The essential phenomenon accompanying hoisting machines such as overhead cranes is the occurring of negative vibrations. Due to the characteristic beam type construction of the load carrying structure, they were particularly important in the case of heavy loads, causing considerable stress values, both in the ropes and girder structure. These values are described by dynamic coefficient examined in this study. Because of the problem importance, a different approach to modeling the process of lifting the load is proposed, mainly due to the dynamic model of rope applied. It proposes models of the rope and lifting mechanism, using both the modified Bouc-Wen model as well as a classical model of Kelvin-Voigt as a model of rope in the hoisting mechanism, where the value of dynamic factor has been verified. It helps to specify the multiplicity of overloading the structure and impact of rope modeling method according to its value. The models for the test of hoisting machines proposed in the paper include the modeling of the wire rope in the hoisting mechanism and the influence of ropes modeling method on a dynamic factor.