Interaction of activity travel, GHG emissions, and health parameters using R – A Step towards sustainable transportation system

Physical activity (PA) has the feasibility to enhance health parameters; however, the intensity such as frequency (days/week) and duration (minutes/day) are yet to be investigated. The current study aims to mediate the relationship between spatial–temporal variables and health via physical activity intensity (PAI) to reduce GHG emissions and promote a healthier society, and sustainable transportation system. A consecutive 21-day comprehensive dataset comprising 191 households, and 732 individuals was gathered and analyzed using multi-level linear regression analysis and a hierarchical structural equation model. The statistical analysis revealed that all dependent variables had R² greater than 20 %. A unit increase in strenuous intensity PA is positively correlated with physical health and social health by 2.1 % and 0.3 %, indicating that PAI acts as a mediator in the link between daily activities and health outcomes. Age, gender, occupation, and income enormously impact transport mode choice – males, aged 23–45, workers, and high-income households are more dependent on motorized transport while females, over 55, non-workers, and low-income are highly dependent on non-motorized and public transport.