In vitro evaluation of bone regeneration and drug release properties of a silver nanoparticles-coated ferromagnetic hydroxyapatite {Fe₂O₃–NiO–Ca₁₀(PO₄)(OH)₂} system

Silver-coated and uncoated ferromagnetic hydroxyapatite is prepared with the sol–gel method. Comparative studies for bone regeneration ability, degradation, drug release profile, antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, cell culture, and anti-inflammatory response have been undertaken. It is observed that silver nanoparticles-coated hydroxyapatite helps control the degradation rate and also improve the drug release profile along with bone regeneration ability. Being a ferromagnetic in nature, the drug release of samples is investigated with the help of an external AC magnetic field and found 10–15% commutative increase in the drug release. Moreover, they also protect against six different microorganism and also reduce the inflammatory response of surrounding tissues. Research on cell culture indicates that the samples offer a conducive environment for the development of human cell lines. Our produced materials demonstrate protection against infection, improve cell development, and have high bioactivity. Magnetic nature may enhance the drug release property.