Fabrication of functionally graded composites using a homogenised low-frequency electromagnetic field

A characteristic feature of functionally graded materials is the continuous spatial change of their mechanical, thermal or electrical properties. Deliberate controlling of the spatial distribution of reinforcement in the metal matrix composite is one way of these materials. The article describes the theoretical basis and experimental verification of a new method using a homogenised low-frequency electromagnetic field to produce particle-reinforced metal matrix composites with a controlled distribution of reinforcement. The method developed allows for obtaining local reinforcement of the composite casting, analogous to radial centrifugal casting. The article describes the methodology for designing a casting system, which allows such control of the electromagnetic field distribution in the liquid casting, which makes it possible to obtain the desired reinforcement distribution. Experimental verification of the method developed was carried out using the example of a sleeve made of AlSi12CuMg alloy reinforced with SiC particles at the outer wall.