Eye movement-based methods for human-system interaction. A comparison of different approaches

The paper focuses on utilizing eye movements for controlling computer programs. Four different approaches were considered, including gazing at an element, blinking, and two solutions for eye gestures. The methods were implemented in a simple photo viewer. However, the developed functionalities can be utilized in other applications (switching e-book pages or on-screen keyboard elements). Various sizes for gazed components were verified, as well as the time required for performing particular actions, the number of unwanted element choices, and needed gesture repetitions. The methods were also assessed by the participants of the experiments. Based on the obtained results, it may be reasoned that components of size 200px are convenient for the application control. The users' opinions and the experiments' outcomes revealed that the gaze-based method and gestures based on joining points are satisfactory solutions.