Abstract
The occurrence of clarithromycin in wastewater samples and of the activated sludge bacteria possibly resistant to this pharmaceutical was the object of the study. Samples of wastewater or activated sludge were taken from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in summer and winter and characterised regarding their clarithromycin concentrations and the presence of nucleic acid fragments (Cla-sequences) known to be responsible for clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori. The concentrations of clarithromycin in raw wastewater were about 1086–2271 ng/L. Around 50–60% less of the pharmaceutical was found in treated wastewater. The concentrations were much higher in winter samples, as compared to summer samples. The clarithromycin resistance markers in H. pylori were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridisation in activated sludge bacterial cells. Cla-sequences were found in all the detected Proteobacteria, independently of the sampling season. Among nitrifying or phosphate or glycogen accumulating bacteria only Nitrosomonas spp. revealed presence of the clarithromycin sequences.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 7 |
| Journal | 3 Biotech |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2020 |
UN SDGs
This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation -
SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
Keywords
- Activated sludge
- Clarithromycin
- Clarithromycin resistance mutation
- Nitrifying bacteria
- Wastewater treatment
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biotechnology
- Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
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