Challenges and development of gas fuel storage systems in means of transport

An overview of contemporary solutions for gaseous fuel storage systems in high-pressure tanks in means of transport is included in this article. Development in this area is currently very intensive due to the increasing use of gaseous fuels to power internal combustion engines. The variety of solutions used is the answer to the challenge of reducing global carbon dioxide emissions and reducing toxic emissions. The development of new tank designs as well as the tests carried out allow for the improvement of systems in terms of functionality and safety. The study presents solutions used in the storage of hydrogen and natural gas. The results of testing these solutions in the light of the requirements of applicable standards and legal provisions are also presented. The high level of sophistication of modern technologies for the production of high-pressure tanks (cylinders) allows to increase working pressures to 70 MPa. The main purpose of the presented research is to verify the tank structure and applied security systems. The basic test methods are checking the tank and the functioning of the safety devices in open fire conditions (Bonfire test). In addition, CNG and hydrogen storage tanks undergo a penetration test. During this test, it is important to properly empty the tank after shooting through a rifle bullet.