Basic properties of 3D cast skeleton structures

Purpose: of this paper is to present recent achievements in field of skeleton structures. The aim of this work is to show results of searching for mechanically and technologically advantageous micro- and macrostructures. Methods of microstructure controlling were described. Most important parameters of the manufacturing process were identified. Design/methodology/approach: The influence of internal topology to stress distribution was described with the use of computer simulations. Simulations of the mold filling processes were also carried out. Real experiments were performed to prove the simulation results. The Qualitative and quantitative metallographic analysis were also carried out. Findings: It was found that the octahedron shape of internal cell causes best stress distribution and that the skeleton castings are a good alternative for cellular materials such as metal foams, lattice structures and sandwich panels. Their structured arranged topology allows precise design of properties. Research limitations/implications: Casting methods used to manufacture materials such as described skeleton castings confirmed their usefulness. Not well known and used yet rheological properties of liquid metals allow obtaining shape complicated structures near to metallic foams but structured arranged. Practical implications: Technological parameters of the skeleton castings manufacturing process were developed. Without use of advanced techniques there is a possibility to manufacture cheap skeleton structures in a typical foundry. With use of advanced technology like 3D printing there are almost unlimited possibilities of the skeleton castings internal topologies. Originality/value: Three dimensional cast skeleton structures with internal topology of octahedron confirmed their usefulness as elements used for energy dissipation. Obtaining the homogenous microstructure in the whole volume of complicated shape castings can be achieved.